Marla Ahlgrimm Explains Ovarian Cysts

Many women get ovarian cysts, often without even knowing it. However, according to Marla Ahlgrimm, some ovarian cysts can rupture, causing pain, discomfort, and bleeding. Today, the women’s health expert explains what cysts are and what happens if you experience a rupture.

What is an ovarian cyst?

Marla Ahlgrimm: An ovarian cyst is simply a sac of fluid that forms somewhere within the body. Women develop functional cysts each month as part of their natural menstrual cycle. This happens when follicles don't release the egg and continue to grow. This is often an unknown process with no complications.

What happens when a cyst ruptures?

Marla Ahlgrimm: Many cysts will rupture without the woman even knowing. Unfortunately, some grow larger and may rupture with significant pain and discomfort.

What are the signs of a ruptured ovarian cyst?

Marla Ahlgrimm: While some women don't feel anything, others will experience a sharp and sudden pain in the lower belly or back. Typically, this is to one side and may also be accompanied by vaginal bleeding and unusual abdominal bloating.

Is it dangerous?

Marla Ahlgrimm: Usually, no. But women suspecting an ovarian rupture may wish to seek immediate medical attention if they experience significant nausea, vomiting, fever, heavy bleeding, or fainting.

How is an ovarian cyst rupture diagnosed?

Marla Ahlgrimm: Diagnosis starts with a thorough pelvic exam. This confirms the rupture and also rules out other conditions, including appendicitis, kidney stones, and ectopic pregnancy. A pelvic ultrasound or other imaging test might be ordered so that your doctor can inspect the ovaries and uterus. This can show the presence and location of fluid-filled sacs.

How is an ovarian cyst treated?

Marla Ahlgrimm: A ruptured ovarian cyst may not need any treatment at all. But for those women experiencing symptoms, over-the-counter pain medication and watchful waiting are usually the first course. For more severe symptoms, IV fluids, blood replacement, and in rare cases, surgery may be necessary.

What are the potential complications of a ruptured ovarian cyst?

Marla Ahlgrimm: The two most serious potential complications are significant internal bleeding and infection. Heavy bleeding can lead to low blood pressure and may be life-threatening if left unchecked for several hours. An infected cyst can also lead to a pelvic infection, which has the potential to turn into sepsis.

How is a ruptured ovarian cyst different from endometriosis?

Marla Ahlgrimm: Ovarian cysts and endometriosis are two very different conditions. They do, however, often present with similar symptoms, such as pain and bleeding. Endometriosis is tissue growing outside of the uterus. It may be found on the fallopian tubes, ovaries, or other pelvic organs. Like other pelvic tissue, this ectopic tissue thickens, breaks down, and begins to bleed with a woman's menstrual cycle. But unlike tissue growing from the uterus, it can't exit the body. This leads to inflammation, adhesions, and can lead to certain types of blood-filled cysts.

What can a woman do to prevent ovarian cysts or endometriosis?

Marla Ahlgrimm: There is currently no way to prevent either condition. However, lowering estrogen levels may help reduce the chances of endometriosis. Regular exercise and a healthy diet complete with Omega-3 fatty acids can help. Ultimately, each woman should seek direct medical advice from her care provider for more information on how to potentially reduce her chances of developing or experiencing complications from ovarian cysts or other reproductive conditions.